Each time you push F4, for a certain reference, the following will be available: Once you enter a cell reference, just push F4 (before you hit Enter) and the reference is made absolute. Now that we have that out of the way, you can use the F4 key to add the $ for you. So, back to our example, if we entered =$A1 in cell C2 and then copied that to D3, we would get =$A2. A $ in front of the A (i.e., column) will keep the column the same and a $ in front of the 1 (i.e., row) will keep the row the same. Now, lets say you want the formula to remain =A1 to do this, it needs to be =$A$1 – the $ means that the reference will not automatically update. Relative references are the default references. For example, if you enter =A1 in cell C2 and copy that formula to cell D3, the formula will automatically change to =B2. A relative reference is one that automatically updates when it is moved (or copied) within a spreadsheet. If you’re always writing formulas that require certain cell references to be absolute and others to be relative, then you’ll want to be using this shortcut key. Using F4 to Cycle Between Absolute and Relative: An easy way to think about it is that it’s just like the format painter, but better because it’s faster.It doesn’t work with typing…that’s actually a good thing, because if you are formatting cells a certain color, this action will not be lost if you need to type in between using the formatting.It will only remember 1 action…it repeats your last action.When you’re in Excel (or Word for that matter) and you’ve just completed a task, maybe formatting a cell, deleting/inserting a row, or anything that’s repetitive simply push F4 the next time you need to complete that task. The one people seem to like the most is the repeat functionality, and really this is where the time savings will come into play once you get used to using F4. The F4 function is used for one of two tasks: 1) Cycle between absolute and relative references (in a formula) and 2) Repeat the last action.
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